海岛地区儿童2008年-2012年微量元素水平的调查分析

Analysis of microelement level in children in island areas from 2008 to 2012

目的了解舟山海岛地区儿童体内微量元素含量及不同时期的变化规律,为儿童预防保健工作提供指导。方法对2008年1月-2012年12月在儿保科进行体检的上万名儿童进行微量元素检测,采用随机整群抽样的方式对每一年部份儿童的血铅、锌、钙、铁、镁、铜的含量进行分析。结果 2008年-2012年各种微量元素结果比较显示,血铅2012、2011年度结果较2008年度结果增高,P<0.05;血钙2012年度结果较2008年度结果增高,P<0.05;其他元素结果比较差异无统计学意义。2008年-2012年各种微量元素异常率显示:血铅、血锌、血铁、血钙异常率明显,血镁和血铜未见明显异常。血铅2008年-2012年异常率分别为10.2%、10.9%、11.8%、12.9%和13.7%,有上升趋势,血钙2008年-2012年异常率分别为9.2%、8.7%、8.3%、8.0%和7.4%,有下降趋势。结论最近5年海岛儿童血铅异常检出率有逐年增高的趋势,缺钙的情况逐年好转,Mg、Cu缺乏较少。所以应定期检测儿童血液微量元素浓度,及时了解儿童营养状况对于儿童健康发育成长具有重要意义。

Objective To understand the levels and change rule of microelements in children of Zhoushan island areas in different periods,and provide guidance for children＇s health care. Methods From January 2008 to December 2012,tens of thousands of children for physical examination in the hospital were detected the levels of microelements. Based on cluster random sampling,the levels of blood plumbum,zinc,calcium,iron,magnesium and cuprum were analyzed in part of these children every year. Results From 2008 to 2012,the levels of blood plumbum in 2011 and 2012 were higher than that in 2008（ P〈 0. 05）,the blood calcium level in 2012 was higher than that in 2008（ P〈 0. 05）,while there was no significant difference among other microelements. The blood plumbum,zinc,iron and calcium showed obvious abnormal rates from 2008 to 2012, while no significant abnormality was found in levels of magnesium and cuprum. The abnormal rates of blood plumbum from 2008 to 2012 were 10. 2%,10. 9%,11. 8%,12. 9% and 13. 7%,showing a rise trend,but those of blood calcium from 2008 to 2012 were 9. 2%,8. 7%,8. 3%,8. 0% and 7. 4%,on a declining curve. Conclusion The abnormal rate of blood plumbum is rising in children of Zhoushan island areas in recent five years,but the situation of calcium deficiency is getting better year by year,magnesium defficiency and cuprum defficiency are also found decrease. So regular microelements detection in children is of great significance to timely understand the nitrition situation of children,thus promoting the health growth of children.