2012年某院主要感染菌的分布及耐药分析

Distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infectious bacteria in 2012

目的了解院内感染细菌特点及耐药情况,为抗菌药物的合理应用和宏观管理提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析2012年1月-2012年12月某院医院感染菌分布及耐药情况,采用VITEK-32全自动微生物分析系统、API细菌鉴定系统及ATB药敏系统对临床分离的1057株感染菌进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果临床分离出的1057株感染菌中,革兰阴性杆菌(G-)约占70.57%,菌株比例位居前5名的依次为肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、阴沟杆菌、粘质沙雷菌,标本来源主要是痰液、咽拭子、分泌物、血液、尿液等。耐药性监测结果显示,亚胺培南可以作为抗菌药物的首选,其次为厄他培南、左氧氟沙星、丁胺卡那霉素、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦等。结论动态监测细菌耐药性分布,对于指导临床合理使用抗菌药物及探讨干预措施具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the main infectious bacteria in a hospital in 2012 and to provide theoretic basis for clinical rational use of antibiotics. Methods The distribution and drug resistance of the main infectious bacteria were retrospectively analyzed in a hospital in 2012. A total of 1057 infectious bacteria isolates were identified and analyzed the drug sensitivity by VITEK-32 automatic microbe system,API bbl crystal and ATB antimicrobial susceptibility testing system. Results There were 746 strains of gram-negative bacteria（ 70. 57%） in all the 1057 infectious bacteria isolates,mainly from sputum,throat swabs,secretions,blood and urine,and the top five bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Enterobacter cloacae,Serratia marcescens. Drug resistance monitoring showed imipenem could be used as the first choice of antimicrobial agents,followed by ertapenem,levofloxacin,amikacin,piperacillin / tazobactam. Conclusion Dynamic monitoring of bacterial drug resistance distribution is of great significance for rational clinical use of antibiotics and exploration of intervening measures.