运作式研究——医疗救助项目管理的一种有用工具

Operations Research and Its Application in Medical-aid for the Poorest in Poverty Areas

运作式研究是贫困人群医疗救助项目的管理者以及研究机构的一种有用的工具,它是一种以保证项目成功和改善服务的可及性、提高服务质量和效率为基本目标的研究方法,又是一种项目的有效、科学的管理工具,它注重应用各种研究方法及技巧,系统地研究与服务质量、服务效率、可及性等密切相关的各种因素,并指导对这些因素进行调整、改变和操作,以便使贫困人群得到更为理想、更为完善的服务,顺利实现预期的项目结果。阐述了运作式研究的特点、关键问题及其在医疗救助项目管理中的作用。

Operations Research(OR) has been widely used in health studies, as a very useful research tool as well as an invaluable means of program management. OR is identified with two features: (1)It focuses on factors under the control of program managers; (2)It includes indicators of program success in its evaluation system. Independent variables or interventions in OR include: type of training,frequency of supervision-'Dependent variables in OR include: indicators of program success-Program outputs( services delivered under operations…); outcomes( client knowledge, prevalence rates,……)and individual or population impact,or cost-effectiveness of program…'This paper presents an overview of OR,followed by a discussion of the role of OR in medical-aid for the poorest in-poverty areas.