现浇网格矿山边坡生态修复技术研究

STUDY ON CAST- IN SITU GRID ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION TECHNOLOGY OF MINE SLOPE

矿产资源大量开发在促进我国经济和社会的发展的同时,严重破坏了生态环境,引发滑坡等边坡地质灾害,水土流失、荒漠化现象严重,对人类环境的可持续发展构成威胁,矿山边坡环境的生态修复成当务之急。以网格、锚杆和植物三要素构成的现浇网格技术解决了我国北方干旱和半干旱地区矿山边坡生态修复的难题。现浇网格技术通过网格、锚杆形成三维立体结构促进了边坡稳定;利用鱼鳞坑原理,采用抗逆性强的本土植物及掺有表土的基质材料提高了植物的成活率,实现了矿山的植被恢复;通过特制的模具施工,整齐美观、效率高。现浇网格技术具有蓄水保土能力强、边坡稳定、植被恢复效果好、景观性强、施工效率高、养护费用低等技术优势,该技术的应用能取得良好的经济、社会和生态效益,对于公路、河道边坡的生态治理有一定借鉴意义。

Although the development of the mineral resources in vast quantity has greatly promoted the development of the economy and the society, serious damage has been made to the ecological environment, triggering landslide and other slope geological disasters, causing serious soil erosion and desertification, posing threat to the sustainable development of environment. Therefore, the ecological restoration of the mine slope becomes the top urgent. Composed of the three elements grid, anchor and vegetation, the cast -in - situ grid technology solved the mine slope ecological restoration in the arid and semi - arid areas in northern China. The grid and anchor in the cast - in - situ grid form a three dimentional structure which can promote the stability of the slope. Under the fish - scale pit princi- ple, indigenous plant with strong anti - adversity and matrix materials mingled with surface earth are used to improve the survival rate of the plants and vegetation is restored in the mine; special molds are used to make the construction tidy. Cast - in - situ technology can effectively conserve soil and water, stabilize the slope, restore the vegetation, taking a good appearance, and lower maintenance cost. Therefore, the application of this technology can achieve good economic, social and ecological effect which provide experience for the ecological management of the highway and the river slope.