海啸作用下漂浮物行为及对陆上建筑作用力研究

Behavior of drift by run-up tsunami and its acting force upon building on land

根据实际物理实验,采用ALE(任意拉格朗日欧拉)有限元方法在三维数值波浪水池中模拟了海啸的产生、海啸波的传播,与漂浮物作用以及漂浮物与陆上建筑的撞击。通过将海啸上岸后的波高、与漂浮物的作用力以及漂浮物的速度等数值计算结果与物理实验结果进行对比,验证了ALE流固耦合有限元方法在研究海啸作用下漂浮物行为方面的可行性。在此基础上进一步分析漂浮物在海啸作用下对陆上建筑的作用力。通过计算发现,漂浮物的质量、撞击速度对作用力起决定性作用,而被撞建筑的刚度对作用力的影响并不大。

Based on physical experiments, tsunami generation and propagation, its collision with drifts and impact between drifts and buildings on land were simulated with the ALE finite element method in a 3 D numerical wave tank. The run-up tsunami level, its acting force against drifts and the velocity of drifts were measured. Comparing the numerical computation data with those of the physical experiments, the feasibility of the ALE fluid-structure interaction method for studying the behavior of drift by run-up tsunami was verified. Furthermore, the force of drift acting on a building on land under action of run-up tsunami was analyzed. The results showed that the effects of velocity of collision and weight of drift, on acting force of drift upon building are significant, however, stiffness of building on land almost has no influence on acting force.