基于合格品率及返工有效率的计划投产量决策

Decision-Making of Planning Input Quantity Based on Qualified Rate and Effective Rework Rate

在订单式生产人工作业系统(MTO/MOS)中,产品的质量和工人技能水平、工作态度、工作状态及激励、惩罚机制等密切相关.当遇到紧急插单、设备故障、工人流失等扰动时,产品的质量易受影响,使得产品合格率变动程度较大.为了满足订单需求,控制成本,须对不合格品进行返工.由于生产系统人员或设备的随机扰动性,使得返工有效率也有一定的变动范围.考虑当合格品率服从连续随机分布及返工有效率服从离散随机分布时,如何进行计划投产量建模及优化决策.应用上述模型于企业实践,验证了该模型的有效性,通过数据分析,得出了具有应用价值的有关规律,并对有关参数的变化进行敏感性分析.结论表明,为了使成本损失尽可能小,须加强有关成本控制,尽可能减少生产过程和返工过程的随机扰动性,提高合格品率及返工有效率.

In Make-to-Order and Manual Operation System（MTO/MOS）, product quality closely relats to worker skills, work attitude, work status, incentive and punishment mecha- nisms. While facing to disturbances of emergency inserted orders,equipment failure,or loss of workers, the quality of the product is badly affected and the qualified rate changes severely. In order to meet orders demands and control costs,it should rework about the nonconform- ing products. Due to the random disturbances of production systems about workers and machines, the effective rework rate changes in scope.Considering the continuous normal distri- bution about the qualified rate and discrete random distribution about effective rework rate, it does how to model and make decisions of optimization about planning input quantity.Through application of the above model to business and data analysis,it has verified the validity of the model and obtained related valuable law,and it has analyzed the sensitivity of parameters. The results show that ,in order to make the costs as smallly as possible, it should enhance the control of relevant cost, minimize the disturbances about the process of original production and rework and increase qualified rate and effective rework rate.