“特岗教师”专业发展的问题与对策——基于对贵州威宁县和河北涞源县的调查

Problems Faced by the“Special-post Teachers' ”Professional Development & Solutions——A Survey of Weining County of Guizhou Province and Laiyuan County of Hebei Province

"特岗计划"的实施极大地改善了农村义务教育师资的学历结构、学科结构和年龄结构,为农村教育注入了新的活力。然而调查发现,"特岗教师"在专业理念与师德、专业知识、专业能力等方面还存在着许多亟待关注的问题,这些问题影响了"特岗计划"解决农村地区师资紧缺、结构性失衡和促进义务教育均衡发展等政策目标的实现。要实现多层面的上下联动,共同促进"特岗教师"的专业发展,可采取以下措施:重视"特岗教师"的专业发展,适时出台和推进教师、校长交流制度;改善"特岗教师"的生活、工作环境,突破原有体制机制对"特岗教师"学习交流的限制;营造集体学习的范围,组建教师学习共同体;加强理论学习,重视交流和反思在教师自主专业发展中的作用。

The implementation of ＂special-post plan＂ has greatly improved the rural compulsory education teachers academic structure, disciplinary structure and age structure, injecting new vigor into the rural education. A survey shows, however, there are still a lot of problems deserving attention like the professional ideas and ethics, the professional knowl- edge and the professional ability of the ＂special-post teachers＂. These problems exert influence on the attainment of policy objectives in how the ＂special-post plan＂ will solve the shortage of teachers and the imbalance of structure, and promote the balanced development of compulsory education. To realize the multi-layer up-down interaction in order to promote the special-post teachers＇ professional development, the following measures can be adopted： emphasizing the special-post teachers＇ professional development, and issuing and advancing the system of teacher-principal exchange at an appropriate improving the special-post teachers＇ working and life environment and breaking through the restriction made to the special-post teachers＇ learning and communication by the original system and mechanism; creating an environment for the collective learning and organizing the teacher-learning community; strengthening the theoretical learning and stressing the function of communication and reflection in their autonomous professional development.