论社会经济地位对儿童学业发展的影响

On the Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Children's Academic Development

社会经济地位是指儿童所在家庭获取或控制的客观资源包括财富、权力、社会关系等,并根据这些资源对自己在整个社会结构中的层级排名,一般从经济收入、父母受教育程度和父母职业声望三个方面进行考察。社会经济地位对儿童学业发展会产生重要影响,主要表现在语言发展、阅读能力、学业行为、学习困难和学业成就等方面。从学校层面关注和促进社会经济地位儿童的学业发展,可通过提高物质帮扶力度,以心理健康教育为抓手,教师发挥主导作用,促进实质性的家校合作等方面进行。

Socioeconomic status refers to the objective resources which have been owned or controlled by the family including wealth, power, social relations and so on. On the basis of that, children establish their hierarchical ranking in the whole social structure accordingly. Socioeconomic status is usually evaluated by three aspects which are income, parents＂ level of education and parents＂ occupation prestige. Socioeconomic status exerts a great influence on children＇s academic development, which highlights language development, reading ability, academic behavior, learning disability, academic achievements, etc. To care about and promote the academic development of children in lower socioeconomic status in school, we should improve the potency of assistance in material, develop mental healthy, give to the leading role of teachers, as well as promote the substantive family-school cooperation, etc.