护理临床路径影响母乳喂养的相关因素与对策

Related factors of clinical nursing path affecting breastfeeding and the strategies

目的探讨护理临床路径（CNP）影响母乳喂养（BF）的相关因素与对策。方法对482例产妇BF情况进行相关调查。分别在产后7、14、28d对研究对象进行随访。结果482例产妇，320例（66．4％）接受过BF教育．CNP方案科学全面者．产妇BF率最高，显著高于方案一般及不科学全面的（P〈0．01）；完全依从的产妇，BF率最高，显著高于依从性差的产妇（P〈0．01）；接受舒适护理和全方位护理的产妇，其BF率最高，显著高于接受常规护理的产妇（P〈0．01）；护理人员专业水平高者，产妇BF率显著高于护理人员专业水平中低者（P〈0．01）。接受BF教育情况的产妇BF率最高，显著高于未接受BF教育情况的产妇（P〈0．01）；接受随访的产妇BF率显著高于未接受随访的产妇（P〈0．01）。结论CNP中的方案质量、产妇依从性、护理人员专业水平、产妇接受BF教育情况、实施的护理方式及是否对产妇进行产后随访等N素都是BF的影响因素和相关因素。医护人员应认真地做好产妇BF宣教工作。根据产妇的具体情况，制定适合产妇本身情况的个体化指导方案，加强产后随访工作。

Objective To investigate the related factors of clinical nursing path affecting breast feeding and the strategies. Methods The maternal BF situation of 482 cases were investigated relative ly. The tbllow-up was carried on in postpartum 7 days, 14 days and 28 days. Results Among the 482 pregnant women, 320 cases （66.4%） received BF education. The maternal BF rate of the scientific and comprehensive CNP scheme was the highest, which was significantly higher than that of general scheme and not scientific and comprehensive scheme （P 〈0.01 ） ; The maternal BF rate of pregnant women with fully compliance was highest, which was significantly higher than that of women with poor adherence （P 〈 0. 01 ） ; The maternal BF rate of pregnant women with comfortable nursing and comprehensive nurs ing was the highest, which was significantly higher than that of those accepted routine nursing （P 〈 0. 01 ） ; The maternal BF rate with a high nurses＇professional level, was significantly higher than that with a lower nurses＇professional level（P 〈 0.01 ）. BF rate of women who accepted BF education, was signifi- cantly higher than that without BF education situation （P 〈0.01 ） ; Maternal BF rate of pregnant women with follow-up was significantly higher than that of pregnant women without follow-up （P 〈 0.01 ）. Con clusions The solution quality, compliance and nursing personnel professional level, whether to accept the BF education, maternal postpartum follow-up and the implementation of the nursing method and so on in CNP, are the related factors of BF. Maternal BF mission should be made in earnest work. According to the actual circumstances of the maternal, individualized guidance scheme should be formulated, and postpartum follow-up work should be strengthened.