急性深静脉血栓形成发病的季节规律性研究

Seasonal variability of acute deep vein thrombosis onset

目的探讨急性深静脉血栓形成（deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs，DVT）发病时间是否存在季节性。方法收集2008年12月至2012年5年间的774例DVT患者的临床资料，通过圆形分布法分析。结果DVT的总体发病时间有季节规律性（P〈0．01），冬季发病多、夏季发病少，高峰日在1月1日。女性亚组的发病有季节差异（P〈0．01），男性亚组的发病无季节性差异（P〉0．05）。发病数在冬季上升夏季下降。不同的年龄亚组（〈40岁，40一69岁，〉69岁）的发病时间都拥有季节规律性（P〈0．05，P〈0．01，P〈0．01），发病高峰月为12月份，发病低谷月为8月份。左下肢及双下肢亚组的季节规律性差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01，P〈0．01），发病高峰集中在12月份和1月份。制动亚组有显著的季节规律性（P〈0．001），冬季发病数明显高于夏秋季发病数，1月1日是其发病高峰日。其他诱因亚组则差异无统计学意义。结论DVT存在冬季发病率上升，夏季发病率下降的季节规律性，女性组、高龄组（I〉70岁）、制动组的季节规律性最为显著。

Objective To investigate the seasonal variability of the onset of acute deep vein thrombosis（DVT）. Methods The clinical manifestations in 774 DVT patients during January 2008 to December 2012 were collected and circular distribution statistics was used to identify seasonal variability. Results The total sample had the significant seasonal variability （ P 〈 0. 01 ） ： DVT was most frequent in winter while less frequent in summer and the peak day was January 1. Female subgroup has significant seasonal variability （P 〈0. 01 ） ： on peak in winter and at trough in summer while male subgroup has no significant seasonal variability （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Different age subgroups（ 〈 40 years ,40 -69 years,≥70 years） have significant seasonal variability（ P 〈 0. 05, P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 0.01 ）. DVT was most common in December and less frequent in August. Left lower limb subgroup and both lower limb subgroup has significant seasonal variability （P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 0.01 ）, on peak in December-January. Immobilization subgroup also has significant seasonal variability （P 〈 0.001 ）： frequent in winter, January 1 is on the peak. Conclusions DVT has significant seasonal variability in onset： it is most frequently seen in winter while less frequent in summer. Some subgroups （female, ≥70 years and immobilization） have the most significant seasonal variability in onset.