基因转录后调控在DNA损伤反应中的重要功能

The post-transcriptional regulation of the DNA damage response

DNA损伤发生时,细胞会激活一系列复杂的信号网络来调控细胞周期检查,完成DNA损伤修复或当损伤超过修复能力时诱导凋亡,这一信号网络被称为DNA损伤反应(DNA damage response,DDR)。以往DDR信号网络的研究主要集中于基因转录调控和蛋白共价修饰对功能分子的稳定性和活性调控。近年来,mRNA稳定性调控和mRNA翻译调控等基因转录后调控机制在DDR中的重要作用引起研究者越来越多的关注。研究证明:多种microRNAs和RNA结合蛋白(RNA-binding proteins,RBPs)在转录后水平调控诸多重要功能蛋白的表达,在DDR信号网络中起着不可或缺的作用。文章针对DDR反应中转录后调控的研究进展以及参与其中的microRNAs和RBPs进行阐述和讨论。

In response to DNA damage,a complex signaling network called DNA damage response （DDR） would be activated in cells,to arrest the cell cycle and initiate DNA repair.Previous studies were mainly focused on the transcriptional regulation of gene and covalent modification of protein.In recent years,mRNA stability and translation in DDR attracted more and more attention.Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins （RBPs） play critical roles in protecting the heritable genome through participating in the regulation of the DNA damage response.In this review,we discuss the most recent findings regarding the post-transcriptional regulation of the DDR by microRNAs and RBPs.