激烈竞争下的制胜之道——朗讯科技在中国的研发本土化战略

Localization-Lua ent Technologies' Winning Strategy in Fierce Competition in China

作为全球最大的通讯设备公司,朗讯科技积极在世界各地投资,努力拓展海外业务,在1999年财政年度,朗讯科技的海外业务增幅为47％,占公司总销售额的32％。在中国市场上,朗讯科技取得了良好的投资绩效。到目前为止,朗讯科技在中国建立了7个办事处,8家合资企业和3家独资企业,拥有员工数已超过3500名。朗讯科技越来越意识到中国市场的巨大发展潜力,除了在中国发展新的技术含量高的投资项目以外,还对原有的合资项目追加研发性投资,来提升其研发的本土化程度。 为了更好地理解朗讯科技近年来在中国的研发性投资的发展情况,我们粗略地将朗讯科技在中国投资活动分为以下三个阶段:(1)1990-1993年,谨慎进入,稳打稳扎阶段。这一阶段的主要投资活动包括朗讯科技在上海建立上海朗讯科技通讯设备有限公司和上海朗讯科技传输公司。(2)1993—1996年,网络扩张。

As the biggest company of communication facilities, Lucent Technologies actively invests around the world to wider its oversea business. In the fiscal year of 1999, the oversea business of Lucent Technologies rose 47%, accounting for 32% of the total sales value of the company. The company has also made great achievements in the market of China. It has established 7 offices, 8 joint ventures and 3 exclusively-invested enterprises in China, and the total employees have exceeded 3,500. As Lucent Technologies is aware of the tremendous potential of the Chinese Market, it not only develops new high-tech projects in China, but also makes additional investment in the R&D activities of the existing joint ventures to strengthen the localization of its R&D activities.1. Effectively meeting the specialized needs of Chinese MarketThe large communication market of China and the potential for future development are important factors attracting Lucent Technologies to invest in R&D activities in China. Meanwhile, as the communication operational market of China is open gradually, the operators' demands for upgrading technology and localizing technology and their eager needs for shortening the term for technology realization are the key factors driving Lucent Technologies to strengthen local R&D activities. Therefore, in such a market situation, Lucent Technologies's capacity, to some extent, lies in whether it could provide the key technology to meet these specialized needs so as to win the trust of the operators. For example, Lucent's first GSM contract in China was signed with China UNICOM Liaoning Company on August 8, 1998. In the situation that the Chinese market is becoming increasingly open and multiphased, it is only through the localization of R&D activities and production that the company could effectively satisfy the specialized needs of local service trades.2. Raising production investment in ChinaAfter its large-scale, investment in many projects in various places in 1993, Lucent Company's position in the telecommunication equipment market of China has been more consolidated day by day. At present, Lucent Technologies has acquired good effects in the projects in Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and Qingdao. Through effective operation of these projects, the company has established a network of production and manufacture with optical network taking the lead, thus creating a favorable environment for market expansion. For example, in November 1994 Lucent first introduced SDH technology into China, which expanded rapidly in the market of China. By the end of 1999, more than 300 SDH supply contracts were signed, accounting for 40% of the market share. Now Lucent has gained the absolute leading role. Depending on the network of the exchange design and production in Qingdao, it has won orders in the market of exchange in more than 20 provinces, wish bright market prospects. It has made additional investment in R&D to promote the localization of R&D activities so as to further raise the effects of earlier investment for production in order to make the products and technology more suitable to the Chinese market and to meet the requirements of the Chinese Government for technology transmission. This is the internal need for the healthy development of Lucent's investment in China. To some degree, Lucent's R&D investment in China is conformed to its long-term development in China and reflects the effective increase of the company's long-term production investment in the early stage.3. Taking full advantage of skilled talents of communication and software in ChinaOne significant purpose for Lucent to make R&D investment in China for its economic development is to take full advantage of China's first-class talents in the fields of communication and development of software. At present, among working staffs in Chinese R&D institutions and R&D sections in production bases, the majority are educated in China, while Chinese scientists with oversea education and oversea research background are usually the leading force of the local R&D activities.