外泌体在心血管疾病中的研究进展

Research progress on exosomes in cardiovascular diseases

人体诸多生理功能的发挥是通过细胞间的信息交换来完成的。目前细胞之间的信息交换涉及的机制较为复杂，其中比较重要的有分泌生长因子、各种小分子物质（多肽类、生物活性脂类和核苷酸）、细胞间接触和分泌到胞外的基质成分等。

AIM： Exosomes are bi-lipid membrane originated in the cell endocytosis system and secreted into the extracellular matrix. The cells secrete exosomes into extracellular matrix to impact target cells with the significant func- tions of cell-cell information transmission and immunological regulation, Recent studies show that cell-cell communication regulated by exosomes can be found in both physiological and pathological conditions of cardiovascular diseases （CYD）. Exosomes derived from many types of cells （ such as myocardial cells, endothelial cells and stem cells） play an important regulatory role in the pathogenetic mechanism of CVD. Meanwhile, exosome-based investigations have shown huge potential for the treatment of CVD. This review will focus onthe biological characteristics and functions of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of CVD.