污水生物脱氮过程中N_2O的释放途径和影响因素

Ways and Effect Factors of N_2O Emission in Biological Nitrogen Removal Process from Wastewater

为了更好地理解和掌握污水处理过程中N 2O的释放规律,结合近年来已经发表的研究结果,就传统的污水生物脱氮过程(全程硝化反硝化过程)和新型污水生物脱氮过程(同步硝化反硝化、短程硝化反硝化和厌氧氨氧化)中N2O的释放途径以及影响因素进行了综述。通过综述发现,硝化和反硝化过程均有可能导致N2O的释放,且硝化过程更易产生N2O;与传统的脱氮过程相比,同步硝化反硝化等新型脱氮过程产生N2O的概率更大;影响N2O释放的因素主要有DO浓度、NO-2浓度、进水氨氮负荷、SRT和COD/N等运行工况和细菌种类及其活性。最后,展望了该领域的研究方向。

In order to understand N2O emission during wastewater treatment process,the mechanisms and effect factors of N2O emission from wasteweter by conventional biological nitrogen removal process （sequential nitrification and denitrification,SQND） and novel processes（simultaneous nitrification and denitrification,shortcut nitrification and denitrification,and anaerobic ammonium oxidation） were reviewed.The results indicated that N2O produced in both nitrification and denitrification processes,and nitrification process produced it easier.Campared with conventional processes,the probability of N2O production in novel processes,such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification,was higher.The factors affecting N2O emission mainly included the operating parameters,such as DO,NO2-concentration,NH4＋-N concentration,SRT,COD/N,microorganisms and their activities in the system.Finally,the research trends of N2O emission and control were prospected.