从中俄《尼布楚条约》到中朝长白山定界——穆克登查边定界动因再探

From Sino-Russian “Treaty of Nerchinsk” to Demarcation of Changbai Mountain between China and Korea——Re-exploration into the Motive of Mukedeng's Defining Boundary Line

随着《尼布楚条约》的签订,清初边疆局势逐步稳定,一统格局初步形成。在此形势下,清朝统治者一方面继承历史传统进行《一统志》的编纂,一方面利用传教士的西方测绘技术绘制《皇舆全览图》,以展示其"天下一统"的政治成果;而厘清中朝之间尚不明晰的边界,则成为推进这两项政治工程亟须解决的重要问题。朝鲜李万枝越境杀人事件,不仅为清廷派员进入朝鲜勘测边界、绘制地图提供了契机,而且成为清廷下决心彻底解决越界流民问题的导火索。在这一过程中,此前中俄解决边界冲突的模式为清廷提供了重要借鉴。

With the signing of ＂Treaty of Nerchinsk＂, the situation of the frontier of early Qing Dy- nasty becomes stable and the union of the country is formed. In this situation, rulers of Qing Dynas- ty compile Record of a United Country according to history and tradition on the one hand, and on the other hand they draw ＂The Overview of the Emperor＂ according to western missionary＇s map- ping technique to show their political achievement of a ＂united country＂; the issue of making clear the uncertain borderline between China and Korea is the most important in promoting the above men- tioned problems. The Korean trans-border murderer LI Wan-zhi provides a chance for Qing officials to survey the border and draw the map as well as the powder hose for Qing Dynasty to solve the is- sue of trans-border refugees. In this process the previous Sino-Russian way to solve conflict of bor- derhne provides examples.