《平家物语》中的苏武故事考论

An Exploration of the SU Wu Story in The Tale of the Heike

日本军记物语中经常会引用或描述中国历史上的人物或事件,但不是为了讲述中国历史故事,而是为了陪衬物语中的故事内容特意穿插进来的章节,因而其记述并不严格忠实于中国的文献史料。中国文献中的历史人物或事件,在物语中会被分解、重构或虚构,以适应物语塑造人物形象和情节的需要。日本历史上军记物语的著名作品、被称为"史诗"的《平家物语》,记述了日本平安时期的重大历史事件,其中借用了许多中国历史故事。从史料运用和日本的文学传承等方面来看,《平家物语》中的苏武故事突出反映了物语对中国历史故事进行借用或改编、分解的特点。

There were often quotations and descriptions of Chinese historical figures or events in Japanese tales of w ar. The tales w ere not for the telling of Chinese historical stories but to make them as accompanying chapters of the tales,therefore the stories w ere not exactly according to the Chinese historical materials and documents and the Chinese historical figures and events w ere usually decomposed,or made up to meet the tales' need in creating the image of figures and the storyline. The famous tale of w ar in Japanese history is The Tale of the Heike that recorded and narrated the major events in Ping An period of Japan. The Tale of the Heike also borrow ed many stories in Chinese history and the famous one w as Su Wu story that obviously reflected the feature of The Tale in borrow ing Chinese stories to decomposed and made up them.