黑龙江省大气中多溴联苯醚的污染特征

Air pollution characteristic of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Heilongjiang province

为了研究黑龙江省大气中多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的污染特征，在黑龙江省均匀布置了8个大气采样点，采用PUF被动采样器进行大气样品的采集，利用GC—MS对14种PBDEs进行了定性和定量分析。结果表明，黑龙江省大气中14种PBDEs（∑14 PBDEs）的总浓度范围为17．7～724Pg·m-3，中值和几何平均值分别为65．2和77．5Pg·m-3，其中BDE－209为大气中PBDEs的最主要组分，浓度范围为7．58～711Pg·m-3，占总浓度的87．6％。采用主成份分析对大气中PBDEs的来源进行了研究，发现黑龙江省大气中PBDEs主要来自于商用十溴联苯醚和商用五溴联苯醚。PBDEs的日暴露量计算结果显示，暴露量随年龄增加有减少的趋势（不考虑婴儿人群），小孩年龄组人群日暴露量最大，为5．89pg·k—bw-1·day-1。

Air samples were collected at eight sampling points using PUF passive air samplers in Heilongjiang province to study pollution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs）. 14 PBDEs were analyzed by a GC -MS spectrometer. Concentrations of ∑14PBDEs were observed to be from 17.7 to 724 pg · m-3, with the median and geometric mean being 65.2 and 75.5 pg· m-3 , respectively. The dominate polluter was B DE - 209 （7.58 - 711 pg · m -3 ）, which was accounted for 87.6% of ∑ 14 PB- DEs. The principal component analysis was applied to source PBDEs in air. The results indicated that PBDEs in Heilongjiang province mainly originated from commercial Deca - BDEs and commercial Penta -BDEs. The results of estimated daily intake showed that human exposure to PBDEs decreased with age increasing. Children had the highest exposure to PBDEs, with a daily intake dose of 5.89 pg · kg - bw - 1 day - 1.