论古代小说中预叙的民族特色

An Investigation on the Antenarrative in Ancient Chinese Novels

古代小说中的预叙,形式多样,功能丰富,其形成主要受宗教思维和民间说书的影响。受宗教影响的预叙主要有明示性预叙、暗示性预叙、不确定性预叙、多重预叙。预叙对古代小说的整体构思、叙述图式、伏线悬念的设置都产生了重要的作用,形成了中国独具特色的古典小说民族品格。受民间说话影响的预叙,主要通过"入话"、"头回"、说书者的议论及最后结尾的"有分教",预叙后面及下回或数十回后的故事情节。预叙的设置,有利于小说的结构紧凑,叙事严谨,开拓了现代读者的阅读期待。

The antenarrative takes many forms in ancient Chinese novels with varied functions, and religions and folklore are a mong the main source of influences on its formations. The religion - influenced antenarratives may be classified into explicit, implicit, undetermined and multiple antenarratives in terms of their function. The antenarrative plays an important role in the overall design, the narrative schema, and the setup of suspense in the ancient novels, and suggests a unique national characteristic of Chinese classical novels. The folklore influenced antenarrative takes the form of ＂the entry to the story （ru hua） ,＂＂the head to chapters （tou hui） ,＂ the comments of the story -teller and the story -end ＂lessons＂, which foreshadow the plot development in the later chapters. The paper concludes that the incorporation of antenarrative enhances the structure of the novel and the flow of narration, and heightens the expectation of readers.