雨声如鼓催花发,何时莲开千百枝?——《SPS协定》下“等效承认”规则缺陷与因应之策

When will Lotus be in Blossom while the Rain Drops to Urge Flowers to Bloom?——The Defects of Recognition of Equivalence Rules under the SPS Agreement and the Countermeasures

世界贸易组织下的《SPS协定》、《等效决议》以及CAC、OIE、IPPC制定的对等承认准则共同构成了SPS措施等效承认机制。但这个机制缺少法律约束,也存在相关方之间权利失衡、等效承认时限不清等问题,这导致国际SPS措施的等效承认的实施陷入困境。国际SPS措施的等效承认是消除贸易技术壁垒的重要途径。世界贸易组织应重视完善SPS措施对等承认机制,以更好地推动世界贸易的发展。

The system of recognition of equivalence of SPS measures under the World Trade Organization consists of the SPS Agreement, Decision on Equivalence and the Various Guidelines for the Judgement of Equivalence established and implemented by CAC, OIE and IPPC. This system has such deficiencies as soft legal binding, unbalanced rights held by different interested parties, unclear deadline for judgement of equivalence, etc., which cause the international recognition of equivalence of SPS measures to be in a dilemma of development. The recognition of equivalence of international SPS measures is an important way to eliminate international technical barriers. The WTO should put emphsis on improvement of the equivalence system of the SPS measures and thereby promote the development of international trade.