新生儿发育性髋关节异常超声筛查

Ultrasound screening of developmental dysplasia of hip in neonates

目的探讨超声筛查新生儿发育性髋关节异常(DDH)的临床价值。方法对926例新生儿进行DDH超声筛查,比较健康新生儿双髋关节α、β角和股骨头覆盖率(MR),并比较正常髋关节与异常髋关节α、β角和MR。结果 926例新生儿中,738例(79.7%)髋关节正常,188例(20.3%)存在髋关节异常,其中41例(4.4%)为DDH患儿,男15例,女26例,男女之比为1∶1.73,健康新生儿两侧髋关节α、β角度及MR比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),正常髋关节α角和MR大于异常髋关节,β角小于异常髋关节,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。臀位、剖宫产和女性均为新生儿髋关节异常的危险因素。结论超声检查操作简单,无辐射,具有可重复性,对新生儿DDH的诊断和治疗过程的检测具有重要意义,可作为新生儿DDH首选的筛查方法。

Objective To investigate the clinical value of ultrasound screening of developmental dysplasia of hip （DDH） in neonates. Methods A total of 926 neonates underwent ultrasound screening of DDH, compared double hip α angle, β angle and femoral head coverage （MR） of healthy newborns, and compared α angle, βangle and MR of normal hip with those of abnormal hip. Results Among 926 newborns , 738 cases（79.7%） of normal hip joint, 188 cases（20.3%） of the hip abnormalities, including 41 cases （4.4%） of DDH were found, 15 cases were male, 26 cases were female, and male-female ratio of 1：1.73, double hip α angle, β angle and MR of healthy newborns were compared, the differences had no statistical significance （P 〉0.05）, α angle and MR of normal hip joint were greater than those of the abnormal hip, while 13 angle was less than that of the abnormal hip, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. Breech, cesarean section and women were risk factors for neonatal hip joint abnormality. Conclusion The ultrasonic measurement has the advantages of simple operation, no radiation and repeatability, it has an important significance in the diagnosis and treatment of detection of neonatal DDH, it can be used as the preferred method for DDH.