天然化合物的俗名命名和翻译

Nomenclature and Translation for Trivial Name of Natural Compounds

目的综述和讨论天然化合物俗名命名的现状和翻译名称的概况,为天然化合物名称的规范化提供参考。方法通过对大量报道的相关文献进行梳理,归纳出天然化合物俗名的6条命名原则和4条翻译原则,以及14条命名方法和7条翻译方法,并通过对128个化合物的中文名称进行比较分析,以阐明上述原则和方法。结果与结论所列举的128个化合物的中文名称,按照规范化程度分为3类:①正名:为规范化名称,置于名称正位;②异名:置于正名后的括号中,不推荐使用;③误名:在其名后应注上"误名"2字,充分曝光,杜绝以讹传讹。例如:acteoside(verbascoside,kusaginin)洋丁香苷(毛蕊花苷、臭梧桐宁、麦角甾苷误名、类叶升麻苷误名)。

OBJECTIVE The status on the nomenclature and translation for the trivial name of natural compounds was reviewed in this paper, which could provide a reference to the standardization and normalization for the name of natural compounds. METHODS Base on sorting out the relevant literature in this field, six nomenclatures and four translation principles, as well as fourteen naming methods and seven translation rules were put forward. The above-mentioned principles and methods were illustrated by analyzing and comparing the Chinese names of 128 compounds from natural products. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The Chinese names for the listed 128 natural compounds have been divided into three categories according to the standardization. ①Official name：canonical name placed in the normotopia of the name ;② Synonymy placed in the parentheses following the canonical name, which is not recommend to use ; ③False name labeled with ＇ false name＇ in order to expose the fallacy for putting an end to the circulation of erroneous reports. For example ：acteoside （verbascoside and kusaginin） , acteoside （Yangdignxianggan in Chinese） is the official name, the verbascoside and kusaginin, are synonymy （maoruihuagan and chouwutongning in Chinese） or false names [ Maijiaozaogan （false name） and Leiye shengmagan （false name） in Chinese].