颅底凹陷寰枢椎稳定性的研究进展

Advance research on stability of atlantoaxial in basilar invagination

颅底凹陷是颅颈交界区骨质发育异常所致的复杂畸形,表现为齿状突向后上移位突入枕骨大孔,常合并寰枕融合、寰齿间距增大、寰枢椎侧方关节畸形、C2～3融合等;同时也常合并神经结构异常,如:小脑扁桃体下疝、脊髓空洞。这些复杂的畸形常伴随颅颈交界区稳定性的破坏,其中寰枢椎失稳是该病症状产生与加重的最重要因素。近年来,随着寰枢椎结构及稳定性的分析研究越来越受到重视,对颅底凹陷发病机制及治疗方案的选择也有了更深入的了解。现对颅底凹陷寰枢椎稳定性的研究进展作一综述。

Basilar invagination is a developmental anomaly of the craniovertebral junction in which the odontoid prolapses into the foramen magnum. It is usually complicated with assimilation of atlas, atlantodental interval increases, lateral atlantoaxial articulation malformations, C2-3 fusion, also often complicated with neural structure abnormalities. Such as Chiari malformation and syringomyelia. These complex malformation associated with the destruction of the stability of craniovertebral junction, atlantoaxial instability is the most important factors in the emergence of symptoms. In recent years, with the development of the study in the stability of atlantoaxia, people acquired thorough understanding in the pathogenesis and treatment of basilar invagination. This article reviewed the progress of stability of atlantoaxial in basilar ~mpresston.