中国食品安全治理:食品质量链多主体多中心协同视角的分析

Governance of China's Food Security:from the Perspective of Multi-agent and Multicenter Collaborative about Food Quality Chain

食品安全问题是一个典型的复杂系统问题,本文从多主体多中心食品安全质量链协同视角,分析中国食品安全的主要治理方向及其协同控制策略。第一,食品违规者或犯罪者类似于元胞自动机,主要依靠邻域的信息或行为来调整或改变自主行动,使食品安全发生概率具有高度不确定性、分散性和隐蔽性。因此,食品安全治理体制上既要发挥政府监管的"正面战场"作用,也要大力推动食品安全监管的多中心体制,形成食品安全治理的"敌后战场",在基层社会组织中形成针锋相对的食品安全监管的元胞自动机。第二,食品安全治理不仅需要依靠建立可追溯信息系统等技术,或缔结更多的契约等制度安排,而且需要将信息可追溯等技术与正式和非正式制度进行混合治理来形成互补效应和同步效应,以此提高对食品安全违规者或犯罪者的发现概率和社会惩罚力度。

Food safety is a typical complex system problems, from the multi- body and multi-center perspective of food safety and quality chain ,the paper intend to analyze the main direction of China＇s food safety governance and coordinated control strategy. First, the food offender or offenders are similar to cellular automata, mainly rely on the information or neighborhood conduct to adjust or change the autonomous action so that the probability of occurrence of food safety is highly uncertain, dispersion and concealment. Thus, food security governance system of government regulation is necessary to play a ＂positive battlefield＂ role, but also vigorously promote polycentric system of food safety regulation, form ＂behind the battlefield ＂of food security governance, formed safety regulation of cellular automata in the food grass-roots social organizations. Second, food security governance requires not only depend on the establishment of traceability information system technology, or the conclusion of additional contracts and other institutional arrangements, but also need to mix the traced information technology and the formal and informal institutions of governance to form a complementary effect and synchronization effect, in order to improve food safety violators or offenders the probability of society punishment.