品种与密度对豫中地区小麦光合生理特性及光能利用率的影响

Effects of Variety and Density on Photosynthetic Traits and Light Utilization Efficiency of Wheat in Middle Henan Province

为了解不同小麦品种光合生理及光能利用对种植密度响应的差异,以豫中地区两个主栽冬小麦品种周麦22和郑麦9023为材料,设置180×104、270×104、360×104和450×104株·hm-2 4个密度水平,通过大田试验,比较分析了不同种植密度下两个品种光合特性、干物质积累、光能利用率和产量的差异。结果表明,随着种植密度的增加,两个品种旗叶叶绿素含量(SPAD值)降低,叶面积指数增大,单茎干物质积累量呈现降低趋势。与郑麦9023相比,周麦22的单茎干物质积累量和籽粒光能利用率较高,灌浆期旗叶叶绿素含量下降缓慢。周麦22的最终产量以密度270×104株·hm-2最高,郑麦9023以密度360×104株·hm-2最高。

To increase wheat yield in middle Henan province, Zhoumai 22 and Zhengmai 9023 were used and planted in field under four planting densities （180 × 104 , 270 ×104 , 360×104 and 450× 104 plants per hectare）, and their photosynthetic performances, light utilization efficiency and yields were investigated. The results showed along with that the increase of planting density, the relative chloro- phyll content and dry matter weight of single plant decreased, while the leaf area index of population increased for both varieties. The dry matter weight of single stem and light utilization efficiency of Zhoumai 22 was higher than that of Zhengmai 9023, and the chlorophyll content of flag leaf declined slowly during filling stage. It was suggested that the high yield of Zhoumai 22 and Zhengmai 9023 could be obtained at plant density of 270×104 and 360×104 plants per hectare, respectively.