有机磷农药神经发育毒性作用机制研究进展

Research Advance of OPs Neural Development Toxicity Mechanism

有机磷农药是目前使用最为广泛的一种化学合成杀虫剂,它所引起的毒性作用已成为全球关注的公共卫生问题。研究表明,有机磷农药的神经发育毒性作用主要与其不可逆地抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶进而导致乙酰胆碱在突触处的积累有关。而最近也提出了有机磷农药的其他非胆碱酯酶作用机制,这些作用机制涉及兴奋性氨基酸递质系统、多巴胺能神经递质系统、五羟色胺递质系统、cAMP反应单元结合蛋白信号通路和氧化应激等。针对有机磷农药神经发育毒性作用机制的研究现状进行综述。

Organophosphate pesticides （0Ps） are the most commonly used synthetic chemical compounds at present, and the toxic effect in- duced by 0Ps has become a global public health issue. The neurodevelopmental toxicity induced by OPs relates primarily to irreversible inhibi- tion of acetylchohnesterase （ACHE） resuhing in accumulation of acetylcbeline in the cholinergic receptors. However, other putative mecha- nisms, which have been associated with excitatory amino acid system, dopaminergic neurotransmitters, 5-HT mediator system, cAMP response element and oxidative stress, have also been proposed recently. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current research on the mecha- nism underlying the OPs induced neurodevelopmental toxicity.