我国户籍制度改革的演化逻辑与战略取向——以农民工为例的新政治经济学分析

Evolution logic and strategic orientation of the reform of Chinas household registration system: New political economic analysis taking peasant workers as the example

我国户籍制度改革是经济利益而非公平、公正在起主导作用,因此着眼于权利配置与利益分配的新政治经济学更适合指导其改革。从演化逻辑来看,户籍制度改革是政治经济系统的需求驱动并带有利益协调的特征,改革进展是经济主体之间的博弈结果。在利益分化的背景下,户籍制度改革过程中经济主体的利益需求具有异质性特征,其行为博弈不存在"帕累托的最优解"。因此,我国户籍制度改革就需要以公平、正义的逻辑来重组户口背后的利益格局与权利配置,具体包括:以权利配置、利益重组为价值取向,以城镇基本公共服务均等化为重点内容,以省会城市、直辖市等大城市的户籍为重点对象,以合理引导区域之间与城市之间的差异化利益、取消历史累积的不合理利益为补充,保障农民工等流动人口在农村的相关权益,并构建中央政府主导、地方政府联动的驱动模式。

The reform of China＇ s household registration system is guided by economic interests rather than equality and jus- tice. As a result, new political economics focusing on rights and interests allocation seems more proper to guide its retbrm. On the perspective of evolution logic, the reform of household registration system, with the feature of interests coordination, is driven by the demand of political and economic system. The progress of reform is the gaming results among economic entities. Against the background of interests differentiation, interests demand of economic entities during the process of the reform take the character- istics of heterogeneity and there is no ＂Pareto optimal solution＂ in its behavior gaming. As a result, such reform needs the logic of equality and justice to reconstruct the interests pattern and rights allocation behind household registration. The contents of the logic include： to take rights allocation and interests reconstruction as the value orientation, consider the equalization of fundamental public services in towns as the key contents, focus on the household registration of large cities （e. g., provincial capitals and municipalities）, supplement with guiding the differentiation interests among regions and cities and getting rid of improper historical accumulative interests, protect the related interests of the floating population of peasant workers at the countryside, and to set up a driving mode of the guidance of the central government and the co - movement of local government.