我国高教体制改革的依据、困境和路径--基于“政事分开”背景的分析

The Basis,Plight and Path of Higher Education System Reform in China under the Background of“Separating the Government and Institutions”

党的十八大对深化行政体制改革作出"四个分开"的部署,为我国高等教育管理体制改革提供了良好的政策环境。研究发现,高等教育的基本特征,尤其是其学术性和公共性的本质特征,决定了学术自由和大学自治是高等教育发展的内在要求。学术自由和大学自治也是我国高教体制改革的科学依据。然而我国高校在政校不分的管理体制下,行政权力泛化,学术边缘化,大学精神缺失,这成为我国高教体制改革的最大困境。为此,本文设计了"理顺政校关系,实现政校分开;完善高校法人制度,落实大学自治;重塑大学精神,回归学术本位"的改革路径。

The 18th CPC National Congress makes the deployment of “four separations” for deepening the reform of administra tive system, which provides a good policy environment for the higher education system reform. The study finds that higher education＇s essential characteristic of academic and public determines that academic freedom and university au- tonomy are the inherent requirements of the higher education development and the scientific basis of the higher educa- tion reform in our country. Under the administerized management system, however, colleges and universities meet the biggest troubles in administrative power generalization, academic marginalized and loss of university spirit. Therefor, the article designs a reform path as follows： first, rationalizing the relations of government and universities to achieve the relative separations second, improving the legal person system in colleges and universities to carry out the univer- sity mltnnnmv： nnct finnllv, reshaning the university stnirit to recover the academic standard.