精神分裂症患者事件相关电位P300及其与发病次数的关系

The Difference of Event-related Potential P300 between First-episode and Recurrent Schizophrenia

目的探讨首发与复发精神分裂症患者的电生理机制差异。方法对28例精神分裂症首次发作患者(首发组)、32例复发精神分裂症患者(复发组)进行事件相关电位P300的测定,测量其错误数和反应时,潜伏期和波幅,并与30名健康志愿者的结果进行比较。结果①患者组的反应时显著长于对照组(t=8.25,P<0.05);正确率差异无统计学意义;②与对照组相比,患者组在C3、C4电极处,潜伏期均显著延迟(t=2.47,2.56;P<0.05);Fz、Cz、C3、C4点波幅均显著降低(t=3.12,4.14,4.27,3.08;P<0.05);③与首发组相比,复发组在C3、C4、Fz点的潜伏期显著延迟(t=2.58,3.07,6.78;P<0.05);C3、C4、Fz、Cz点波幅均显著降低(t=5.13,4.55,8.35,4.70;P<0.05)。结论首发、复发精神分裂症患者认知功能均受损,且复发患者受损程度大于首发患者。提示患者认知功能受损是一个累积下降的过程。

Objective To explore the difference of electrophysiological mechanism between first-episode and recurrent schizophrenia （Sz）. Methods Total 28 first-episode and 32 recurrent Sz from Third Hospital of PLA were tested to make visuo-spatial rotation tasks with measuring errors and response times, amplitudes, latency. Another 30 healthy controls were given the same tests simultaneously, and compared with the results during them. Results （1）The reaction time of the case group was significantly longer than that of the control group（ t = 8.25, P 〈 0.05 ）. The correct ratio between two groups showed no significant difference（ P 〉 0.05 ）. （2）Compared with the con- trol group, the latencies of the case group at C3 and CA were significantly longer（ t = 2. 47,2. 56 ;P 〈 0.05 ）, the amplitudes at C3, CA, Fz and Cz were significantly lower （ t = 3.12,4. 14,4. 27,3.08 ;P 〈 0.05 ）. （3） Compared with the first-episode group, the latenc ies of recur- rence group at C3, CA and Fz were significantly longer（ t = 2. 58,3.07,6. 78 ;P 〈 0.05 ）. The amplitudes at C3, CA, Fz and C2 were sig- nificantly lower（ t = 5. 13,4. 55,8. 35,4. 7 ;P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The first-episode and recurrent Sz present deficit on cognitive func- tion. And the recurrent Sz present more serious impairment. Which suggests that the cognitive function impaired may be a cumulative de- cline in process.