社区医生心理健康状况与职业倦怠的分析

The Analysis of Metal Health and Occupational Burnout of Community Physicians

目的了解成都市社区医生的心理健康状况及职业倦怠水平。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和职业倦怠问卷(MBI)对237名社区医生进行调查。结果①社区医生的躯体化、强迫、人际关系、焦虑、敌对、精神病性因子分均低于全国常模,差异有统计学意义(t=2.30,4.78,7.18,4.15,3.84,3.61;P<0.05);抑郁、恐怖、偏执因子分与全国常模比较,差异无统计学意义;②女性医生躯体化因子高于男性(t=2.46,P<0.05);受教育程度越高,抑郁、焦虑因子分越高(t=2.03,3.04;P<0.05);高级职称医生的强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑因子分高于中级、初级职称医生(t=2.26,3.05,3.27,3.76;P<0.05);不同婚姻状况医生的SCL-90得分无统计学差异;③男性及高学历医生低个人成就感得分高于女性及低学历医生(t=2.09,2.0;P<0.05);已婚医生情绪衰竭得分最高(t=3.55,P<0.05);高级职称医生情绪衰竭和低个人成就感得分高于中级、初级医生(t=3.58,3.44;P<0.05);④MBI与SCL-90部分因子呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论社区医生的心理健康水平及职业倦怠状况有其自身特点,二者明显相关,应有针对性地开展健康教育及心理干预。

Objective To investigate the state of mental health and occupational burnout of community physicians in Chengdu city. Methods 250 community physicians were assessed by SCL -90 and MBI. Results （1）The community physicians had lower scores in somatization, obsession, interpersonal relationship, anxiety hostility and psychopathic factors in SCL -90 than Chinese norm （t = 2. 30, 4. 78,7.18,4. 15,3.84,3.61;Ps 〈 0.05 ）. The scores of depression, phobias and paranoid factors were no significant differences com- pared with Chinese norm. （2）Female community physicians had higher score in somatization factor than male ones. Community physicians with high educational background had higher scores in depression and anxiety factors （ t = 2.03,3.04 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The senior community physicians had the highest scores in obsession, interpersonal relationship, depression and anxiety factors （ t = 2.26,3.05,3.27,3.76 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. There were no significant differences among community physicians with different marital status. （3） Male and high educational background community physicians had higher scores in emotional exhaustion factor than female and low educational background ones （ t = 2.09,2.0 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. Married community physicians had the highest score in emotional exhaustion factor （ t = 3.55, P 〈 0.05 ） and the senior ones had the highest scores in emotional exhaustion and diminished personal accomplishment factors（ t = 3.58,3.44 ;P 〈 0.05 ）. （4）The community physieiansburnout were related with some factors of SCL - 90 （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The status of mental health and occupational burnout of community physicians has its own characteristics and there is significant correlation between them. Health ed- ucation and psychological intervention should be assumed contrarily.