部队医院护士的人格特征对心理健康状况的影响

The Influence of Personality Characteristics on Mental Health in Nurses of Military Hospital

目的探讨人格特征对部队医院护士心理健康状况的影响。方法采用自制的一般情况问卷、大五人格量表、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表对部队医院的1266名在职护士进行调查。结果①部队医院护士大五人格量表中的神经质维度平均得分为(48.33±9.64)分、外向性维度(51.84±6.41)分、开放性维度(48.78±6.62)分、宜人性维度(54.99±9.54)分、尽责性维度(54.51±6.94)分;②焦虑、抑郁标准分均高于中国常模(t=65.06,62.21;P<0.01);③人格特征的神经质维度、开放性维度与焦虑抑郁呈显著正相关(r=0.297,0.348,0.189,0.201;P<0.01),外向性、宜人性、尽责性维度与焦虑抑郁呈显著负相关(r=-0.226,-0.280,-0.272,-0.361,-0.191,-0.324;P<0.01)。结论部队医院护士的心理健康状态较差,人格方面倾向于乐于助人、富有同情,做事有计划,并能持之以恒;心理状态与人格特征之间存在相关性,且人格特征的一些维度可以预测焦虑抑郁的发生。

Objective To explore the influence of personality characteristics on mental health in nurses of military hospital in Bei- jing. Methods A total of 1266 nurses of military hospital were tested with a basic information table of nurses, Big Five Personality Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS） and Self-rating Axiety Scale （SAS）. Results （1）In all of the 1266 subjects, the average scores of the five dimensions of Big Five Personality Scale were ： Neuroticism （48.33 ± 9.64 ）, extraversion （ 51.84 ± 6.4 ）, openness （ 48.78 ±6.62 ） , agreeableness （ 54.99 ± 9.54 ）, conscientiousness （ 54.51 ± 6.94 ） ; （2）The average score of the Self-rating Axiety Scale was （ t = 65.06,P 〈 0.01 ） ,The average score of the Self-rating Depression Scale was （t = 62.21,P 〈 0. 01 ）. Both the scores were more than that of norms ; （3）The neuroticism and openness dimensions of the personality characteristics of nurses were positive linear correlation with anx- iety and depression （ r = 0. 297,0. 348,0.189,0.201 ; P 〈 0.01 ） , The extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness dimensions of the personality characteristics of nurses were positive linear correlated with anxiety and depression （r = 4）. 226 ,-0. 280 ,-0. 272 ,-0. 361, 4）. 191,4）. 324 ;P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The mental health condition of military hospital nurse in Beijing is not good, and the personali- ty.aspects tend to be ready to help others, compassionate, do things in a planned way and can stick to it. There is a correlation between psychological states and personality characteristics, and the neuroticism, extraversion, openness and agreeableness dimensions of the per- sonality characteristics of nurses can predict the occurrence of anxiety and depression, and the conscientiousness dimension can predict the occurrence of depression.