跨理论模型的健康教育在妊娠女性IDA治疗中的效果

Effect of health education with transtheoretical model on IDA therapy in pregnant women

目的探讨基于跨理论模型的健康教育在妊娠期妇女缺铁性贫血(IDA)治疗中的效果,以纠正孕妇缺铁性贫血的状况。方法 2009年11月至2013年2月,绍兴第二医院血液内科共收治妊娠期贫血患者192例,将其随机分为观察组96例和对照组96例。对照组采用传统的健康教育方法,观察组采取有效的基于跨理论模型健康教育的措施。比较两组患者的护理满意度和妊娠期患者的贫血情况。对患者进行护理干预后,2周、1个月、2个月红细胞计数(RBC)和血红蛋白(Hb)计数情况进行比较和分析。结果两组患者满意度情况比较,观察组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义,x^2=5.430,P<0.05;两组患者2周、1个月、2个月RBC和Hb计数情况比较,观察组优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(HBC计数比较:t值分别为4.231、5.230和6.596,均P<0.05;Hb计数比较:t值分别为5.305、7.174和9.431,均P<0.05)。结论在跨理论模型的基础上,对孕妇通过健康教育和饮食指导,可以有效改善孕妇缺铁性贫血的状况,值得推广。

Objective To study the effect of health education with transtheoretical model on iron deficiency anemia （ IDA ） therapy in pregnant women, so as to correct the status of IDA for them .Methods From November 2009 to February 2013, a total of 192 patients with gestational anemia were admitted in the department of hematology in Shaoxing Second Hospital , and they were randomly divided into observation group （n=96） and control group （n=96）.The control group was provided with conventional health education , while the observation group was given health education with transtheoretical model .Patients ’ satisfaction degree on nursing care and anemia in pregnancy were compared between two groups .RBC and Hb count were compared at 2 weeks, 1 month and 2 months after nursing intervention.Results Patients’ satisfaction degree of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group （χ2 =5.430, P〈0.05）.The comparison of RBC and Hb count at 2 weeks, 1 month and 2 months between two groups showed that the observation group was significantly superior to the control group （HBC：t value was 4.231, 5.230 and 6.596, respectively, all P〈0.05;Hb count：t value was 5.305, 7.174 and 9.431, respectively, all P〈0.05）.Conclusion Based on the transtheoretical model , health education and dietary guidance for pregnant women can effectively improve their IDA status , so it is worth promoting .