妊娠期糖尿病早期筛查和干预对母儿围产结局的影响

Impact of early screening and intervente on patients with gestation diabetes mellitus and their babies

目的分析探讨早期筛查和干预妊娠期糖尿病对母婴健康的重要意义,以期为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法对我院产科2011年2月~2012年8月期间收诊的94例妊娠期糖尿病患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析,根据筛查时间将其分为两组,其中在妊娠24周到28周之间筛查并采用有效措施干预的64例妊娠期糖尿病患者设为观察组,在妊娠28周以后确诊的亦采用有效措施干预的30例患者为对照组。对两组患者妊娠结局及围生儿情况进行分析比较。结果 （1）对照组孕妇发生妊娠期高血压疾病、羊水过多、早产和胎膜早破等并发症的几率显著高于观察组,两组孕产妇间并发症的发生率具有显著的统计学差异（P〈0.01）;（2）对照组剖宫产率、巨大儿、新生儿低血糖以及新生儿呼吸窘迫综合症的发生率显著高于观察组,两组之间具有显著的统计学差异（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论对妊娠期进行早期的糖代谢水平监测和筛查,并给予有效的干预措施,能有效降低孕产妇妊娠期并发症的发生率、提高围生儿的生存率。

Objective： Analysis and discussion the importance of early screening and intervente in influencing patients with gestation diabetes mellitus and their babies,in order to provide a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods： 94 cases of patients with GDM diagnosed in our hospital from February 2011 to Aguest 2012 were selected and retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to the screening time and the level of blood glucose control. 64 cases which had early screening beteeen 24 weeks and 28 weeks and satisfactory intervene results were selected as control group; while 30 cases which were diagnosed after 28 weeks and also had satisfactory intervene results were selected as observation group. Then analyzed and compared the maternal pregnancy consequences and their babies,complication diseases. Results：（ 1） There were significant differences between the control group and observation group in pregnancy outcome such as gestation hypertension,polyhydramnios,preterm,premature rupture of fetal membranes（ P 0. 01）;（ 2） There were significant differences between the control group and observation group in perinatal complications in children such as the rate of cesarean section,premature infants,neonatal hypoglycemia,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（ P 0. 05,P 0. 01）. Conclusion： Monitoring and screening of the early level of glucose metabolism during pregnancy,and to give effective interventions can effectively reduce the incidence of maternal complications of pregnancy,to improve the survival rate of perinatal child.