磷酸酶基因在妇科肿瘤中的研究进展

PTEN基因是迄今为止发现的第一个具有磷酸酶活性的抑癌基因,具有调节细胞生长的作用。该基因的突变或缺失导致机体肿瘤的发生,在头颈部鳞状细胞癌、肝癌、错构瘤综合征、乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌、睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤中可检测到该基因的突变。PTEN主要通过其脂质磷酸化酶活性使得PIP3去磷酸化,阻止细胞生长和促进细胞凋亡。另外,还参与调控细胞增殖和凋亡,调节P13K/Akt信号途径。PTEN基因异常与恶性肿瘤的发生发展相关,其异常表达可能是评估疗效和预后的预测指标。对PTEN基因的深入研究有可能为妇科肿瘤的治疗提供新的靶点,为早期诊断、判断预后以及指导治疗提供依据。

PTEN gene was first found of tumor suppressor genes with phosphatase activity so far, which have the effect that regu- late cell growth. The gene mutation or deletion in the body of tumor, in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer, hamartoma syndromes, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, tesicular germ cell tumor can be detected in the gene mutation.. PTEN primarily through its lipdphosphorylase activity makes PIP3 phosphorylation, prevent cell growth and promotion cell apoptosis. In ad- dition, which also participated in the regulation of cell proliferation apoptosis, adjust P13K/Akt signal pathway. PTEN gene abnor- malities associated with the development of malignant tumor, its abnomal expression may be evaluating curative effect and prognosis prediction index. In - depth study of PTEN gene may provide new targets for the treatment of gynecological tumor, for early diagnosis, prognosis and guiding therapy.