云南省昆明市某区部分农村少数民族妇女生殖系统疾病调查分析

Investigation and analysis on reproductive system disease among partial rural minority women in a district of Kunming city,Yunnan province

目的掌握和了解云南省昆明市农村少数民族妇女健康状况，及可能的影响因素，为制定适合农村少数民族妇女病的有效防治措施提供科学依据。方法：采用立意抽样的方法抽取昆明市某区1街道办事处，504例16～70周岁的农村少数民族育龄妇女作为研究对象，开展以宫颈癌、乳腺癌筛查为中心的群体性妇女病普查，分析该区常见病与多发病的原因及人群分布情况。结果：504例受检者中，患病人数达417例，患病率为82．8％，位于前3位疾病依次是阴道炎、乳腺小叶增生和宫颈炎，其患病率分别是27．2％、24．6％和20．6％。患病率与年龄、文化程度、避孕措施、卫生习惯等相关。结论：生殖道感染和乳腺疾病目前仍是影响妇女健康的最主要疾病，也是农村少数民族妇女生殖健康的一大难题。因此，建议政府加大农村少数民族妇女生殖健康的投入，提高基层妇女保健的可行性和可及性，才能真正全面提高农村少数民族妇女生殖健康水平。

Objective： To understand the health and possible influencing factors of rural minority women in Kunming city of Yun- nan province, provide a scientific basis for the area to develop effective preventive and control measures for the rural minority women. Meth- ods： Overall sampling method was used to select 504 rural minority women of childbearing age from a street committee of a district in Kun- ming city as study objects, a population women -based general investigation with cervical cancer and breast cancer as screening key points were conducted; the causes and distribution of common gynecological diseases in the district were analyzed. Results： Among 504 women, 417 women were found with common gynecological diseases, the prevalence rate was 82. 8% , the top three diseases were vaginitis, breast lobular hyperplasia and cervicitis, the prevalence rates were 27.2% , 24. 6% and 20. 6% , respectively. The prevalence rate was correlated with age, educational level, contraception, and health habits. Conclusion： Reproductive tract infection and breast diseases are still the most important diseases affecting womeng health, which are also major problems of rural minority womeng reproductive health. Therefore, it is recommended that the government should enhance the investment of rural ethnic minority women~ reproductive health, improve the feasibil- ity and accessibility of basic women health in order to truly and comprehensively improve reproductive health of rural minority women.