两阶段饲养对荷斯坦犊牛生产性能的影响

Analysis of the effect of two- phase feeding program for Holstein calves

为了研究两阶段饲养对犊牛生长性能和健康状况的影响,试验将初生健康荷斯坦母犊牛30头随机分为2组,试验组采用两阶段饲养,对照组采用常规方法饲养,试验期为180 d,测定试验期内每天的采食量及0,35,60,90,180日龄各组犊牛的体重、体高、体斜长、胸围、管围,腹泻指数。结果表明:60日龄后试验组犊牛体重高于对照组,增重效果明显,而且犊牛体重有加速趋势;60日龄前各组间不同日龄犊牛胸围、管围、体斜长、体高均无显著差异(P>0.05),各组犊牛管围的变化幅度也很小;试验组犊牛90,180日龄胸围、管围、体高、体斜长均高于对照组,但均差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组犊牛健康情况明显优于对照组;试验组比对照组节省317.05元/头,每头犊牛降低饲养成本12.6%,经济效益可观。说明两阶段饲养对犊牛体重、体尺、健康状况无显著影响,对促进后期犊牛的生长有积极影响,还可以提高经济效益。

To study the effect of two phase feeding program on growth performance and health status in Holstein calves, 30 newborn healthy fe- male Holstein calves were randomly divided into two groups including the experimental group and control group. The methods of the two - phase feeding and conventional feeding were used in the experimental group and the control group for 180 d, respectively. The daily feed intake was determined during the trial period, and the following indictors of the calves at the 0, 35, 60, 90, and 180 d of age were also determined in each group, respectively, including the calf body weight, withers height, body length, heart girth, circumference of canon bone and diarrhea index. The results showed that the calf body weight in the e＇xperimental group was higher than that in the control group after 60 days of the age, and the effect of weight gain was obvious, showing an accelerating trend in calf body weight ; there were no significant differences （ P 〉 0.05 ） in the heart girth, circumference of canon bone, withers height, and body length of the calves with different days of age before 60 days of age, and the difference between the groups was not significant, but to a lesser extent in the circumference of canon bone of the calves in each group ; the heart girth, circumference of canon bone, withers height , body length of the calves in the experimental were higher than those in the control group at 90 d and 180 d of age, but there were no significant differences （P 〉 0.05 ） between them. The health status of the calves in the experimental group was better than that in the control group; the experimental group saved 317.05 Yuan per head compared with the control group, and re- duced feeding costs by 12： 6% per calf in the experimental group, providing substantial economic benefits. The results indicate that the two - phase feeding program has no significant effect on the body weight, body size and health status of calves, which has a positive impact on promo- ting late - stage growth of the calves, while increasing economic benefits.