土地即权力:城市化进程中房价与地价的互动机制及其运行逻辑

Land as Power: Interactive Mechanism and Operational Logic between Housing Price and Land Price in the Process of Urbanization

跨国比较表明,城市化进程中房价与地价存在正相关关系。通过构建人口城市化加速阶段房地产市场模型,对目前房地产市场某些流行观点进行反思,可以看到:房价决定地价,而土地稀缺性之说则系夸大其辞;政府利用对土地的垄断霸权,通过严格限制甚至减少土地供应量的饥饿营销策略与"招拍挂"制度安排,造成中国房地产市场供需失衡,推升地价与房价使得中国房地产市场价格出现扭曲,政府因此而成为高地价与高房价的最大获益者。高地价与高房价推高了生活成本,增大了居民生活压力,透支了未来几代人的利益。

International comparison shows that there is positive correlation between housing price and land price in the process of urbanization. By building models of real estate market in the phase of accelerated urbanization, we can reflect upon some of the prevailing ideas about the current situation of real estate market, and arrive at the following findings： housing price determines land price, while the scarcity of land is only an exaggeration; the government monopolizes on land use, and causes imbalance between supply and demand in China＇s real estate market by means of strict control, reducing of land supply, and other methods of ＂hunger marketing strategy＂, as well as the institutional arrangements of ＂bidding, auc- tion, and sales＂. This practice also contributes to the rising land price and housing price, resulting in the distorted situa- tion of China＇s real estate market. In return, the government becomes the largest winner from high land price and housing price. These high prices have raised the cost of living, increased people＇s living pressure, and advanced the interests of fu- ture generations.