老龄化、社会资本与积极老龄化

Aging Population,Social Capital and Active Aging Process

积极老龄化是国际社会为应对人口老龄化形势而生的理念,包含健康、参与和保障三个维度,其目标实现的一个重要方面与社会能否有效动员和整合社会资本、并为老年人有效获取和利用有关。由于社会转型加速和人口老龄化的双重压力,以往消极和单一的老年福利供养模式已丧失了其物质基础和操作空间,更造成了中国老年人社会资本的严重匮乏,进而制约了积极老龄化健康、参与和保障功能的发挥。要实现积极老龄化的战略目标,就必须广泛动员社会各界力量,深度培育和发掘社会资本,通过重塑社会资本促进老年人社会资本的资源、网络和规范性要素重新整合,构建老年人的多元社会支持体系,从而实现"人口老龄化"向"积极老龄化"方向发展。

Active aging is an idea of the international community to deal with the tendency of aging population, inclu- ding three dimensions ： health, participation, and security. One of the vital aspect for achieving these goals is whether the society can effectively mobilize and integrate social capital so that it can be effectively accessed and utilized by the senior citizens. Due to the dual pressures of accelerated social transformation and an aging population, the passive and single-di- mensioned elderly welfare system of the past has lost its material foundation and operational space, resulting in the serious shortage of social capital for the senior citizens in China, and restricting the functions of active aging process including health, participation and security. To achieve the strategic objectives of active aging, it is necessary to mobilize all social forces and thoroughly nurture and explore social capital. By remodeling social capital to promote the restructuring of re- sources, network, and other normative elements for the senior citizens＇ social capital, we can build multi-dimensional social support system for them and realize the shift from ＂aging population＂ to ＂active aging process＂.