四湖地区早稻品种穗部性状及碾米品质的调查

A Survey of the Panicle Characteristics and the Milling Qualities of the Early Rice Varieties in the Four lake Area

为了探求早稻高产、优质的栽培与育种策略 ,促进早稻生产及其商品经济的发展 ,对四湖地区的一些现有早稻品种的穗部性状和碾米品质进行了初步调查。结果表明 ,目前推广的早稻品种在较以往的品种每穗总粒数和碾米品质有所提高的同时 ,结实率也明显降低 ,不利于早稻的“优质、高产”双目标的同步实现 ;优质品种的穗部性状较易受栽培环境的影响 ,但其碾米品质较好 ,在加强栽培管理的前提下 ,具有取得产量和优质“双高”的潜力 ;大穗品种的穗部性状和碾米品质均较差 。

Aiming at the strategy for higher yield and better quality of the early rice by means of improved growing and breeding practices, thus making the product of the early rice market better,a survey of the panicle characteristics and the milling qualities of the early rice varieties in the Four lake Area was made. The results showed that in comparison with the previous varieties (non high quality rice varieties), the current varieties had quite improvements in the total grain number per ear and the milling quality, but the bearing rate reduced obviously at the same time. Although the panicle characteristic of high quality varieties were more likely affected by the growing environment than the common quality varieties, owing to their better milling quality , the high quality varieties showed an excellent potential higher yield and having good milling quality as well with an improved growing method. As for the Large ear type varieties, the panicle characteristics and the milling qualities tended to become worse as the ear became larger, it would not be wise to be obstinate seeking for the Large ear type varieties in the breeding of the early rice.