民用建筑室内氨污染研究进展

Research Progress of Indoor Ammonia Pollution in Civil Buildings

针对民用建筑室内空气氨污染问题,从室内空气氨污染现状、污染来源、释放规律、对人体健康影响以及相关控制措施等方面综述了国内外研究进展。研究发现,我国室内空气氨污染情况较为复杂,美容美发场所氨污染较重,其他民用建筑室内空气氨污染北方比南方严重,且主要来源于建筑材料和装修材料;国外污染情况较轻;国内外对于室内空气中低浓度氨对人体健康的影响研究都不多;我国关于民用建筑室内空气氨污染控制措施的研究较多,而国外则主要集中在农牧业养殖场室内空气氨的控制;我国针对室内空气氨污染制定了一系列相关标准及规范,而除芬兰外其他发达国家鲜见相关报道。最后,针对存在的问题提出进一步开展研究的建议。

Aiming at the problem of indoor ammonia pollution in civil buildings, the research progress of current status, polluting sources, releasing rules, effects on human health and related control measures of indoor ammonia pollution at home and abroad was introduced. The results show as follows： the indoor ammonia pollution in China is complex, and the hairdressing sites are highly polluted with ammonia; in other civil constructions, the indoor ammonia pollution is mainly due to the construction and decoration materials and has regional differences, with worse pollution in northern part of the country than in southern part. The pollution abroad is less serious in foreign developed countries. The research on the effect of low-level ammonia pollution on human health is rare both at home and abroad. The domestic researches focused on indoor ammonia pollution prevention while foreign researches mainly focused on the control of indoor ammonia pollution at the field of husbandry and aquaculture. China had established a series of standards or regulations about indoor ammonia pollution while there were no related reports in other developed countries except Finland. Finally, suggestions on further researches on indoor ammonia pollution were put forward.