北京市农村地区已婚育龄妇女长效避孕方法适宜度分析

The analysis on the proportion of women with contraindications for long-term contraceptives in rural Beijing

目的:分析北京市农村地区已婚育龄妇女的长效避孕方法适宜度。方法:利用2008年北京市农村地区使用长效避孕措施的育龄妇女体检数据进行定量分析。以生化检验、B超检查结果为依据判定育龄妇女是否有不适宜现用避孕方法的禁忌证,避孕方法不适宜包括:①患有高血压、心脏病、脑卒中、肝肾异常、糖尿病、子宫肌瘤、乳腺增生而用长效口服避孕药;②现患盆腔炎、附件炎、阴道炎、宫颈糜烂而采用宫内节育器避孕;③肝肾功能异常而使用皮下埋植避孕。不适宜度为不适合某种避孕方法的人数与采用该避孕方法的人数之比。结果:北京市农村育龄妇女所用长效避孕方法不适宜度为13.33%(23 028/172 742)。长效口服避孕药不适宜度最高(96.69%),皮下埋植不适宜度次之(30.86%),宫内节育器不适宜度最低(10.73%)。结论:建议加强对使用长效避孕措施的重点人群的定期随访和健康状况动态监测,及时做好不适宜症状治疗和不适宜避孕方法的转换指导工作,提高育龄妇女生殖健康水平。

Objective： To analyze the proportion of women who has contraindications to their current long-term contra- ceptive in rural Beijing. Methods： Quantitative analysis by using check-up data for women of childbearing age with long-term contraceptive in rural Beijing in year 2008. Based on biochemical test, ultrasound results to determine whether there were contraindications for female long-term contraceptive users, including long-term contraceptive users suffering from high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, kidney abnormalities, diabetes, hysteromyoma, hyperplasia of mammary glands; and IUD users with pelvic inflammation and adnexitis, vaginitis and cervical; and Norplant users with abnormal liver and kidney function. ＂Unsuitability＂ was defined as the ratio of number of women with contraindi- cations to their current contraceptive methods among the number of same contraceptive users. Results： About 13.33 % of the long-term contraceptive users had contraindications to their current methods. Long-term oral contraceptives had the highest unsuitability （96.69 %）, closely followed by subdermal implants （30.86 %）. The smallest unsuitability was found in IUD users （10.73%）. Conclusion： It is recommended to strengthen regular follow-up and dynamic moni- toring for long-acting contraception users, especially for high-risk group, and to take appropriate treatment if contra- ception eontraindications are found and help users to transform to alternative appropriate contraceptive in order to im- prove reproductive health of women of childbearing age.