类X-37B飞行器气动特性的数值研究

Numerical Study on Aerodynamic Characteristics of an X-37B-like Vehicle

对类X-37B飞行器模型在50km高度以下不同飞行状态下的气动特性进行了数值模拟研究,将计算结果与航天飞机和X-34飞行器的试验结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,高马赫数大攻角再入飞行时,类X-37B飞行器和航天飞机的飞行升阻比相差不大,再入飞行横向机动能力相当。亚声速小攻角飞行时,类X-37B飞行器的升阻比大于航天飞机,小于X-34飞行器;说明类X-37B飞行器的低速机动和定点着陆能力强于航天飞机,弱于X-34飞行器。有翼再入飞行器气动布局差异对高超声速大攻角升阻比影响较小,对低速小攻角气动特性影响很大。

The aerodynamic characteristics of an X-37B-like vehicle in different flight conditions were numerically studied under 50km altitude . The CFD results were analyzed with experimental results of the Space Shuttle and the X-34 vehicle . Numerical simulations indicate that the lift-to-drag ratio of the X-37B-like vehicle is slightly different from that of the Space Shuttle under high Mach number and large angle-of-attack reentry conditions , so the lateral maneuverability of the two vehicles is equivalent . Under subsonic and small angle-of-attack conditions , the lift-to-drag ratio of the X-37B-like vehicle is higher than the Space Shuttle and lower than that of the X-34 vehicle which indicates that the maneuverability at low speed and the fixed point landing ability of the X-37B-like vehicle are better than that of the Space Shutter but weaker than that of the X-34 vehicle . Configuration differences of winged reentry vehicles have little influence on the lift-to-drag radio of high Mach number and large angle-of-attack , and have obvious influence on the lift-to-drag radio of subsonic and small angle-of-attack .