浅埋装配式工事结构计算中存在的问题分析

Analysis of existing problems of structure calculation methods for shallow-buried fabricated works

与现浇钢筋混凝土结构相比，装配式工事结构的基本特点是：浅埋，允许较大变形，结构通常无底板，受力节点非完全刚性，一般采用组合材料和复合材料等。针对上述特点，现有计算方法存在以下问题：荷载计算方法没有充分考虑土介质性质、应力波传播的多维性和装配式结构柔度的影响；力学模型简化时未考虑受力节点非完全刚性对结构抗爆能力的影响，以及地基沉陷对无底板装配式结构的影响，未能充分体现装配式结构大变形的特点；现行填塞系数未能准确反映装药不同埋深爆炸对土中浅埋结构整体作用的填塞效应；未考虑炮（航）弹的爆炸冲击复合作用。对此，需采用理论分析、试验研究和数值计算相结合的方法解决。

Compared with cast-in-place reinforced concrete structures, the general features of fabricated works are shallow-buried, allowing large deformation, usually having no bottom, the bearing nodes being not completely rigid and adopting combinatorial materials and composite materials. Aiming at the characteristics mentioned above, the current calculation methods have many shortcomings, such as not taking sufficient account of the characteristics of soil, the multi-dimensional nature of stress wave propagation, and the effect of flexibility of fabricated structures in the calculating methods of loading; not taking account of the effect of not completely rigid bearing nodes on the anti- explosion capacity of fabricated structures, and the effect of foundation settlement; not fully embodying the large deformation feature of fabricated structures ; the current coefficient of tamping being not accurate enough to reflect the tamping effect of different burial depth detonation of charge on shallow-buried structures ; not considering combi-nation action of explosion and impact of bombs and artillery rounds. The comprehensive method of theoretical analy-sis, experimental investigation and numerical computation should be adopted to solve these problems.