某金矿堆浸过程职业病危害因素调查分析

Investigation and analysis of occupational hazards in the heap leaching process of gold deposit

目的对某金矿堆浸工艺过程中的职业病危害因素进行调查与分析，探讨该类工程职业病危害的关键控制点和关键控制措施，为该类工程的职业病防治管理提供依据。方法采用职业卫生现场调查、系统工程分析、现场检测、实验室分析进行分析与评价。结果存在的主要职业病危害因素为矽尘和氰化氢；检测结果表明，堆场、采矿场挖掘机司机接触矽尘浓度（总）范围为0．25—1．70mg／m^3，超标率为30％；喷淋浸出、堆场等岗位作业人员接触氰化氢浓度范围为0．07～1．34mg／m^3，符合职业接触限值要求。结论现场调查和检测结果表明，用人单位应重点关注存在矽尘危害的工作岗位，并加强电解间的事故通风设计，防止急性中毒事故的发生。

Objective To investigate and analyze the occupational hazards in the heap leaching process of gold deposit, dis- cuss the occupational control points of such projects, and support the management of the prevention and control of occupa- tional disease. Methods The risk factors were analyzed combining with field investigation, system engineering analysis, field monitoring and detection. Results The main occupational risk factors were silica dust and hydrocyanic acid. The concentrations of silica dust（total） the shovel men contacted with ranged 0. 25 - 1.7 mg/m^3 with the exceeding rate of 30% as compared to the occupational health requirements. Concentrations of hydrocyanic acid ranged 0. 07 - 1.34 mg/m^3 at the heap leaching and storage yard posts, which accorded with national standards. Conclusion Test results suggest that the em- ploying units should pay more attention to silica dust at posts, and the emergency ventilation should be strengthened in electrolytic room to prevent the acute accidental poisoning.