寒冻条件下热力作用对岩石破坏的模拟实验及其分析

The insulation influence to rocks under the low temperature conditions

选取青藏高原不同地区、不同类型的岩石经过预加工处理后 ,使之处于低温条件下具有较强热辐射变化的环境中 ,以调查寒冷条件中的岩石在强烈热辐射作用下的表现。实验表明 ,寒冷条件下较强的热源辐射可以产生快速的环境温度变化 ,并导致相应的岩石内部温度变化 ,这种变化幅度可以使矿物产生强烈的胀缩并导致岩石内部结构的破坏。岩石的组构决定着其风化的进程 ,这表现在不同类型的岩石在水饱和与盐饱和的条件下 ,实验后的超声波传输速率与重量变化有一定差异。

Different types of rock samples, which are collected from different areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, have been pre processed and put in the environment of low temperatures with intensified insulation variation. This is to investigate the insulation implication to the rocks under cold conditions. The results of experiments showed that the intensive heat insulation, even under cold conditions, could induce speedy temperature variation of the environment and that in the rock internal structures. This kind of variation was closely related to rock mineral contents. The speedy temperature changes caused the rock internal minerals continue to expand and contract which lead to the damage of the rocks internal structures. The compositions and structures of rocks dominated their weathering process, which may be confirmed by that, to the different types of rocks under conditions of saturated water or salt solutions, the ultrasonic transferring velocities and weights have different variations.