侗族社会年龄群体关系转型——以黔东南岑吾侗寨起鼓楼为例

On Relationship Changes among Groups of Different Ages in Dong Communities:A Case Study of Drum-tower Construction at Cenwu Village

传统侗族社会的自我治理和秩序维持,依靠的是基于年龄界限划分出的老人、中年人、年轻人三级年龄群体各安其位、相互协作。随着改革开放以来的社会文化变迁和打工潮的涌现,侗寨的集体活动中,年龄群体间的互动却频发冲突。在起鼓楼这一集全寨之力的集体工程中,不同年龄群体的实践和他们之间关系的转变,揭示出其中蕴含着更深层的原因:打工经济引发的人群社会地位和观念的改变;人的分离和文化的维系;代际间文化传递方式的转型。

In traditional Dong communities, people were divided into three groups by age： elders, middle-agers and youth. The self-governance and order maintenance of Dong communities relied on the individual roles and mutual cooperation among different groups. Due to the social and cultural changes since the reform policy and the popularity of migrant working, however, frequency conflicts happen among different groups in their collective activities. The changes of the relationship among the groups reflect some in-depth reasons： they changes happen because of the changes in the social status and ideas from the migrant working, the villagers＇ departures and their cultural concepts, and the changes of cultural inheritance modes among generations