论提高油田采收率的战略研究

On Research Strategy for Enhancing Oil Recovery Factor

提出了提高油田采收率分三步走的研究战略，即：研究米到百米级的“大尺度”未波及剩余油的分布特点及开采方法；研究厘米到分米级的“小尺度”未波及剩余油的分布特点及开采方法；究已波及区剩余油（“微尺度”剩余油）分布特点及提高驱油效率的方法。计算和研究出了“大尺度”未波及剩余油的三大富集区：即注水高粘原油正韵律油层顶部未波及剩余油；边角影响未波及剩余油；由层系内小层物性差异形成的未波及剩余油。研究出了开发未波及剩余油的10项技术。指出，①例钻水平并将在开采“大尺度”未波及剩余油中扮演最重要的角色；②低流度比驱替剂将在开来“小尺度”未波及剩余油中扮演重要角色；③以水气交替注入为基础添加起不同作用化学剂的泡沫系统将在提高已波及区的驱油效率中起重要作用；④热力法开采高含水油藏能提高驱油效率，但一般不能提高波及效率；⑤微生物采油法和振动波采油法在提高采收率中不能起决定性作用；⑤经济分析在评价提高采收率技术中是至关重要的。

The research strategy run by three steps for enhancing oil recovery factor has been proposed. The first step is the study of distribution type and exploration technology of 'megascopic scale' unswept remaining oil. The second step is the study of distribution type and exploration technology of 'macroscopic scale' unswept remaining oil. The third one is, on the basis of above-mentioned two steps, when making sweep efficient reach as high as possible, the methods for enhancing oil displacement efficiency in the swept areas. And ten technologies for developing three enriched areas of 'megascopic scale' unswept remaining oil are proposed. It is indicated that: ① the horizontal sidetracks will act the most important pari in producing 'megescopic scale' unswept remaining oil;② the oil displacement agent with low mobility ratio will act an important part in producing 'macroscopic scale' unswept remalning oil; ③ the foamed system adding to the chemical with different effect as base WAG with comprehensive function will act an important pari in enhancing displacement efficiency in the swept areas much imporianily; ④ thermal method can enhance displacement efficiency for high water-cut oil reservoir, but can not increase sweep efficiency in most of the cases; ⑤ MEOR and VEOR can not act a decisive effect to EOR; ⑥ an economic evaluation is very important to EOR.