76例输血患者临床输血不良反应情况调查

Investigation on 76 cases of patients with blood transfusion reactions

目的:了解输血患者临床输血不良反应发生情况,为制定预防措施提供理论依据。方法:对2007-01-2013-06各种血液制品输注患者发生输血不良反应病例进行统计分析。结果:①在4 559例输血患者中发生不良反应76例,不良反应发生率为1.67%,其中发生发热反应31例,占40.79%,发生过敏反应45例,占59.21%,没有发生溶血性输血反应。②在各种血液制品中,以冰冻血浆不良反应发生率最高,为3.83%,以滤白细胞悬浮红细胞不良反应发生率最低,为0.72%。各种血液制品不良反应发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=31.71,P<0.01)。③输血不良反应发生率随输血次数的增加而升高(χ2=22.16,P<0.01)。结论:提高对血液制品的认识、严格掌握输血适应证以及应用滤除白细胞的技术等是降低输血不良反应发生率、提高输血安全性的重要措施。

Objective： To understand the occurrence of clinical blood transfusion adverse reactions in patients with blood transfusion, and provide theoretical basis for the preventive measures. Method：The cases of transfusion reactions among the patients with various blood products transfusion in our hospital between January 2007 and June 2007 were analyzed. Result：①76 cases of adverse reactions occurred in 4 559 blood transfusion patients, the incidence of adverse reactions was 1.67%, including 31 cases of the fever reaction （40.79%）, 45 cases of the anaphylactic reaction （59.21 %）, and no hemolytic transfusion reaction. ②In all kinds of blood products, frozen plasma was 3.83 % with the highest incidence of adverse reactions, and suspended red blood cells with filter white blood cells had the lowest incidence of adverse reactions, was 0.72%. There was statistically significant difference between the incidences of the adverse reactions of blood products （X^2= 31.71, P〈0. 01）;③Blood transfusion adverse reaction rate increased the number of blood transfusion （X^2 = 22.16, P〈0. 01）. Conclusion：To improve the understanding of blood products, control transfusion indications strictly, and the application of technology of filter white blood cells would be the important measures to reduce blood transfusion incidence of adverse reactions and improve the safety of blood transfusion.