东北垄作区机械免耕播种工艺(英文)

Mechanical no-tillage sowing technology in ridge area of Northeast China

为了建立东北地区垄作保护性耕作工艺模式,并为其配套机具的优化设计提供理论指导。该文针对东北垄作区的保护性耕作,论述了国内外垄作耕法的概况。该文论述了国内外垄作耕法的概况。在调查研究的基础上,结合课题科研实践提出了垄作耕法的垄形断面图,构建了机械免耕播种种床土壤耕作的几何模型与相关尺寸。从田间调查与测试结果,以几何模型为依据,对2种形式(滚动圆盘式,条带旋耕式)玉米垄作免耕播种机进行了研究、分析与评价。研究表明,滚动圆盘式破茬与清垄方案符合玉米垄作几何模型要求,但仍需研发新型破茬圆盘犁刀以减小工作阻力,研发新的加载技术,保持机器对下压力的需求。该研究可为垄作免耕播种机的创新设计、改进与评价提供科学依据与方法。

In order to establish the Northeast ridge patterns of conservation tillage technology and provide theoretical guidance for optimal design of its ancillary equipment, this paper details the status of ridge tillage development in China and some other countries to achieve conservation tillage for northeast ridge area of China. A new ridge shape was put forward based on survey and statistic analysis and the seed bed tillage geometric models and related dimensions of no-tillage sowing was set up. According to results of field surveys and test, the experiment, analysis and evaluation of two forms of no-tillage corn ridge seeder （rolling disc and strip rotary cultivation） were conducted based on the geometric models, and the results showed that the stubble cutting and clearing of rolling disc seeder can meet the requirements of ridge geometric model in corn production, but new disc coulter need to be developed to reduce working resistance and loading techniques need to be explored to ensure the demand of down pressure of the machine. This study may provide a basis and method for innovative design, improvement and evaluation of ridge no-tillage seeder.