电磁轨道炮发射技术的发展与现状

Electromagnetic Gun Technology and Its Development

为给电磁轨道炮发射技术的进一步发展提供指导,回顾了电磁轨道炮发射的发展历程和应用前景,重点介绍了电磁发射技术中的研究热点和电磁轨道炮的研究现状,从电的特点出发,分析了基于电能利用的电磁炮技术的优、缺点,指出电磁炮是发射技术发展的必然趋势。由于技术的复杂程度极高,涉及到诸多非常规极端条件,因此对相关规律和现象的认识还有很大局限,发射器寿命问题的解决是电磁炮走向应用的前提,而电源的小型化问题将在相当一段时间成为电磁炮技术应用的范围与领域拓展的关键问题,有必要有针对性重点研究关键问题和瓶颈技术,以期迅速发展电磁发射技术推动电磁炮的应用。

In order to provide a reference for further development of electromagnetic gun technology, after reviewing the achievement and application prospects of electromagnetic gun, we introduced the research status of electromagnetic gun and its related key technology. In view of the characteristics of electricity, the advantages and disadvantages of electro- magnetic gun technology based on the energy use are analyzed. It is pointed out that the electromagnetic gun is the inevitable development trend of launch technology. Although the principle of electromagnetic lunch （EML） is simple, the EML technology is of extremely high complexity due to involving many abnormal extreme conditions. The understanding of relevant laws and phenomena is also very limited. Consequently, the emitter life problem is the precondition of elec- tromagnetic gun to application, and the miniaturization of the power supply will be the key problem for quite some time in the field of electromagnetic gun technology application. It is necessary to have a specific focus on the key technology in order to develop electromagnetic launch technology rapidly and promote the application of electromagnetic gun.