大能量电点火系统设计与火花放电特性实验研究

Design of a Big Energy Electric Ignition System and Experimental Study on Its Spark Discharge Characteristics

为满足爆炸极限测试和爆轰直接起爆实验的需求,根据火花放电原理,设计了大能量电点火系统。通过火花放电测试系统,实验研究了0.01 kJ、0.1 kJ和1 kJ能量档位下的火花放电特性。利用指数衰减的正弦周期性振荡函数拟合法,计算获得了放电电路振荡周期、电感、电阻和火花电阻等参数,并通过2种方法得出了实验条件下的有效火花能量和变化规律。结果表明:能量档位越高,则电路振荡周期越长,电路电阻和火花电阻越小,有效火花能量占电容器储能的比例也越大。该研究工作对大能量电点火系统的设计、火花放电特性的研究和有效火花能量的计算具有重要的学术理论意义和工程应用价值。

In order to meet the experimental demands of testing explosion limits and detonation direct initiation, we de- signed and established a large-energy electric ignition system based on the theory of spark discharge. Using a test system, we investigated the spark-discharge characteristics of the ignition system at energy scales of 0.01 kJ, 0.1 kJ and 1 kJ through discharge experiments. We calculated parameters including oscillation period, total inductance, total resistance of discharge circuit and effective resistance of discharge channel were calculated by using curve fitting method with expo- nential attenuation and sinusoidal periodic function, as well as the effective energy and its change rules of spark discharge under experiment condition by two methods. The results show that a higher energy scale corresponds to longer oscillation period is longer, smaller total resistance and effective spark resistance, and higher rate of effective spark energy. This work contributes to the system design of large-energy electric ignition apparatus, the research of spark discharge characte- ristics, and the calculation of effective spark energy in aspects of both theory significance and application value.